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California DUI Laws and Legal Information California DUI Laws and Legal Information Drunk Driving Defense, 5th Edition (2000) By Lawrence Taylor Contents Table of Checklists Table of Forms Table of Pleadings Preface Acknowledgments Comment xix xxi xxiii xxv xxxi xxxiii I. Crime and Punishment Chapter 1 - The Offense 1:1 §1.0 The Nature of the Crime 1:1 §1.1 Elements of the Offense: Driving a Vehicle on a Highway 1:9 §1.1.1What constitutes "Driving" 1:10 §1.1.2Putting the Defendant Behind the Wheel 1:19 §1.1.3 "Vehicle" 1:21 §1.1.4"Highway" 1:22 §1.2 Elements of the Offense: Under the Influence of Alcohol ("DUI/DWI") 1:25 §1.2.1Presumption of Intoxication from Blood-Alcohol Analysis 1:31 §1.3 Elements of the Offense: With an Excessive Blood-Alcohol Concentration ("Per Se") 1:38 §1.3.1Presumption of BAC at Time of Driving 1:42 §1.3.2Lay Expertise 1:42 §1.3.3Admissibility of Lack-of-Impairment Evidence 1:43 §1.4 Related Criminal and Civil Liability 1:45 §1.4.1Driving Under the Influence of Drugs 1:45 §1.4.2Felony Drunk Driving 1:51 §1.4.3Manslaughter 1:52 §1.4.4Murder 1:58 §1.4.5Civil Liability 1:62 §1.5 Inchoate and Accomplice Ability 1:64 §1.5.1Attempted Drunk Driving 1:64 §1.5.2Accomplice Liability 1:65 §1.6 Defenses 1:65 §1.6.1Necessity 1:66 §1.6.2Entrapment 1:68 §1.6.3Duress 1:69 §1.6.4Mistake of Fact 1:69 Chapter 2 - The Sentence 2:1 §2.0 Criminal Punishment 2:1 §2.0.1Prior Convictions 2:4 §2.0.2Other Sentence Enhancements 2:6 §2.0.3Ignition Interlocks 2:8 §2.0.4Vehicle Impound or Forfeiture 2:9 §2.1 Alternative Sentencing 2:10 §2.2 Multiple Punishment 2:15 §2.2.1Punishment for Both DUI and Per Se Offences 2:17 §2.3 Probation Violation Hearings 2:19 Chapter 3 - License Suspension 3:1 §3.0 Administrative Suspension/Revocation of the Driver's License 3:1 §3.0.1Probable Cause and Authority to Arrest 3:4 §3.0.2Proof of Driving 3:6 §3.0.3Failure to Give a Choice of Tests 3:6 §3.0.4Immediate License Seizure 3:7 §3.0.5Collateral Estoppel 3:8 §3.0.6Double Jeopardy: Criminal and Civil Punishment 3:12 §3.1 The Per Se Suspension (.08/.10 percent BAC) 3:24 §3.1.1"Zero Tolerance": .01 Percent BAC Suspension for Minors 3:27 §3.2 The Refusal 3:28 §3.2.1What Constitutes a "Refusal" 3:30 §3.2.2The Defective Implied Consent Advisement 3:33 §3.2.3Implied Consent, Miranda and the Right to Counsel 3:37 §3.2.4Physical Inability 3:43 §3.2.5Attempts to Cure a Refusal 3:46 Checklist 1      The Refusal 3:49 §3.3 Suspension Hearings: Discovery, Procedure and Evidence 3:50 Checklist 2      The License Suspension Hearing (Refusal) 3:59 II. Pre-Trial Chapter 4 - Pre-Trial Procedures 4:1 §4.0 Initial Client Contact 4:1 §4.0.1The Interview 4:2 §4.0.2Educating the Client 4:6 §4.0.3The Retainer Agreement 4:15 §4.0.4Preliminary Investigation 4:15 §4.1 Analysis of the Case 4:19 §4.1.1The Prosecution's Case 4:19 §4.1.2The Defense Case 4:22 §4.1.3Conclusions 4:26 Checklist 3      Evaluating the Case 4:27 §4.2 The Arraignment 4:29 §4.2.1The Defective Complaint 4:29 §4.2.2Double Jeopardy 4:31 Checklist 4 The Arraignment 4:37 §4.3 Discovery 4:37 §4.3.1Objects of Discovery 4:39 Checklist 5      Possible items for Discovery 4:61 §4.3.2Prosecutorial Resistance 4:62 §4.3.3The Discovery Motion 4:63 §4.3.4The Subpoena Duces Tecum 4:78 §4.4 Obtaining and Analyzing Blood-Alcohol Evidence 4:88 §4.4.1Preservation and Production of Police Sample 4:89 §4.4.2Secondary Testing of Client 4:103 §4.4.3Independent Analysis and the Defense Expert 4:110 §4.5 Prior Convictions 4:115 §4.5.1Striking the Prior 4:117 §4.5.2Priors from Arraignments En Masse 4:131 §4.5.3The Uncounselled Prior Baldasar-Nichols 4:133 §4.5.4Foreign, Juvenile and Nolo Priors 4:135 §4.5.5Bifurcation of Trial 4:138 §4.5.6Prosecutorial Burden 4:142 Checklist 6      Prior Convictions 4:144 §4.6 Plea Bargaining 4:145 Chapter 5 - Suppresion of Evidence 5:1 §5.0 Probable Cause to Stop, Detain and Arrest 5:1 §5.0.1Lawful Arrest 5:6 §5.0.2The Citizen Informant 5:8 Checklist 7      Probable Cause 5:12  §5.0.3Sobriety Checkpoints 5:12 Checklist 8      Sobriety Checkpoints 5:24 §5.0.4Evasion of Sobriety Checkpoints 5:29 §5.1 Field Evidence 5:30 §5.1.1Verbal Field Sobriety Tests: Muniz 5:31 §5.1.2Nonstandardized Field Sobriety Test 5:33 §5.1.3Nystagmus 5:36 §5.1.4Preliminary Breath Tests 5:45 §5.1.5Videotapes, Audiotapes and Photographs 5:48 §5.1.6Erased Tapes 5:53 §5.1.7Police Obstruction of Witness 5:57 §5.2 Incriminating Statements and Refusals 5:58 §5.2.1Miranda and the DUI Case 5:63 Checklist 9      Suppressing Incriminating Statements 5:70 §5.2.2Refusal to Take Chemical Test: Self-Incrimination 5:71 §5.2.3Refusal to Take Chemical Test: Relevance 5:74 §5.2.4Refusal to Take Field Sobriety Tests 5:78 Checklist 10      Suppressing Evidence of Refusal 5:80 §5.3 Blood-Alcohol Evidence 5:81 §5.3.1Defective Implied Consent Advisement 5:81 §5.3.2Denial of Second Sample 5:83 §5.3.3Denial of Access to Counsel 5:88 §5.3.4Forceful Seizure of Blood Sample 5:96 §5.3.5The Physician-Patient Privilege 5:99 §5.3.6Noncompliance with Testing Regulations 5:106 §5.3.7Chain of Custody 5:114 §5.3.8Noncompliance with Discovery 5:118 Checklist 11      Suppressing Blood-Alcohol Evidence 5:120 III. Trial Chapter 6 - Setting the Stage 6:1 §6.0 Jury Selection 6:1 §6.0.1The Right to a Jury Trial in Drunk Driving Cases 6:9 §6.0.2Discovery of Prosecution Records on Jurors 6:12 §6.0.3Illustrative Jury Voir Dire 6:16 §6.0.4Questionnaires and Propose Written Questions 6:33 §6.1 The Opening Statement 6:38 §6.1.1Illustrative Opening Statement 6:40 §6.2 Using Demonstrative Evidence 6:44 Chapter 7 - Field Evidence: The Arresting officer 7:1 §7.0 Field Evidence and the Arresting Officer 7:1 §7.0.1 The Officer as DUI Witness 7:3 §7.0.2 Preparation: Using Reports, Articles and the DMV 7:8 §7.0.3 Foundation : Training and Experience 7:10 §7.0.4 The Judo Approach in DUI Trials 7:13 §7.0.5 Audiovisual Evidence 7:15 §7.0.6 Countering with a Defense Police Expert 7:18 Checklist 12      General Cross-Examination      of the Arresting Officer 7:20 §7.1 Observations of Driving 7:21 §7.1.1 The NHTSA Studies 7:25 §7.2 Behavior and Appearance of the Defendant 7:27 §7.2.1Initial Behavior 7:31 §7.2.2Clothing and Grooming 7:33 §7.2.3Bloodshot Eyes 7:34 §7.2.4Flushed Face 7:36 §7.2.5Odor of Alcohol on Breath 7:37 §7.2.6Speech Thick and Slurred 7:40 Checklist 13      Physical Appearance and Symptoms 7:42 §7.3 Field Sobriety Tests 7:44 §7.3.1Cross-Examination Techniques 7:49 Checklist 14      Field Sobriety Tests 7:60 §7.3.2Preliminary Breath Tests 7:61 §7.3.3Pupil Reaction Test 7:67 §7.4 Horizontal Gaze Nystagmus 7:69 Checklist 15      Nystagmus 7:76 §7.4.1Illustrative Cross-Examination on Nystagmus 7:78 §7.5 The NHTSA Standardized Field Sobriety Tests 7:90 §7.5.1Walk-and-Turn 7:94 §7.5.2One-Leg-Stand 7:98 §7.5.3Nystagmus 7:101 §7.6 Ten Cross-Examination Techniques 7:106 §7.6.1The Infallible Cop 7:106 §7.6.2Selective Recall 7:107 §7.6.3The Wedge 7:108 §7.6.4The Magic Memory 7:111 §7.6.5Xeroxed Symptoms 7:112 §7.6.6The Disappearing Sway 7:114 §7.6.7The Negative Pregnant 7:115 §7.6.8Reverse Impairment 7:116 §7.6.9The Rigged Scoreboard 7:117 §7.6.10The Bomb 7:121 §7.7 Illustrative Cross-Examination of Arresting Officer 7:122 Chapter 8 - Chemical Evidence: The Forensic Expert 8:1 §8.0 Blood-Alcohol Analysis 8:1 §8.0.1Alcohol and the Human Body 8:4 §8.0.2The Fallacy of the "Average Person" 8:9 §8.0.3Individual Tolerance 8:11 §8.0.4Women and Alcohol 8:14 §8.0.5The Rising BAC Curve 8:17 §8.0.6Retrograde Extrapolation 8:18 §8.0.7Eating, Smoking and Alcohol Metabolism 8:29 §8.0.8The Zinc Factor 8:34 §8.0.9Internally Produced Alcohol 8:34 §8.0.10Radio Frequency Interference (RFI) 8:35 §8.0.11Inherent Error 8:42 §8.1 Breath Analysis 8:45 §8.1.1The Blood-Breath Partition Ratio 8:49 §8.1.2Nonspecific Analysis 8:53 §8.1.3Testing During the Absorptive State 8:62 §8.1.4Mouth Alcohol 8:64 §8.1.5Hematocrit 8:71 §8.1.6Body Temperature 8:72 §8.1.7Breathing Pattern 8:73 §8.1.8Stress 8:75 §8.1.9Simulator Calibration 8:76 §8.1.10Used Mouthpiece 8:79 §8.1.11Ambient Air 8:79 Checklist 16      Breath Analysis 8:81 §8.2 The Machines 8:82 §8.2.1The Intoxilyzer 5000 8:84 Checklist 17      Intoxilyzer 5000 8:109 §8.2.2The Intoximeter 3000 8:110 Checklist18      Intoximeter 3000 8:123 §8.2.3The BAC Verifier/Datamaster 8:124 Checklist 19      BAC Verifier/Datamaster 8:134 §8.3 Blood Analysis 8:136 §8.3.1Sterilization 8:146 §8.3.2Fermentation 8:150 §8.3.3Whole Blood Versus Serum/Plasma 8:152 §8.3.4Arterial Versus Venous Blood 8:155 Checklist 20      Blood Analysis 8:156 §8.4 Urinalysis 8:157 §8.4.1The Urine: Blood Ratio 8:162 §8.4.2The Incomplete Void 8:164 §8.4.3Candida Albicans 8:166 Checklist 21      Urinalysis 8:167 §8.5 Ten Cross-Examination Techniques 8:168 §8.5.1The Smart Machine 8:170 §8.5.2The Spiked Aspirin 8:174 §8.5.3Close Enough for Government Work 8:175 §8.5.4How Infrared Works—and Why It Doesn't 8:176 §8.5.5The Defective Warranty 8:178 §8.5.6RFI Magic 8:182 §8.5.7A Ton of Beer 8:183 §8.5.8The Invisible Breath Sample 8:184 §8.5.9Wonder Blood 8:185 §8.5.10Purple Urine 8:186 §8.5.11A Lot of Hot Air 8:187 §8.6 Illustrative Cross-Examination of the Expert 8:187 §8.7 The Defense Blood-Alcohol Expert 8:213 §8.7.1Illustrative Direct Examination of Defense Expert 8:217 §8.7.2Preparing the Defense Expert for Cross-Examination 8:227 Chapter 9 - The Lay Witness 9:1 §9.0 Cross-Examination of the Percipient Witness 9:1 §9.0.1Illustrative Cross-Examination of Percipient Witness 9:5 §9.1 The Defense Sobriety Witness 9:10 §9.1.1Illustrative Direct Examination of Sobriety Witness 9:11 §9.1.2Preparing the Sobriety Witness for Cross-Examination 9:14 §9.2 Should the Defendant Testify? 9:17 §9.2.1Preparing the Defendant 9:21 §9.2.2Illustrative Direct Examination of the Defendant 9:26 Chapter 10 - Summation and Jury Instruction 10:1 §10.0 Jury Instructions 10:1 §10.1The Closing Argument 10:11 Table of Cases T:1 Resources R:1 Bibliography B:1 Index I:1 Table of Checklists Checklist 1 The Refusal §3.2.5 Checklist 2 The License Suspension Hearing §3.3 Checklist 3 Evaluating the Case §4.1.3 Checklist 4 The Arraignment §4.2.2 Checklist 5 Possible Items for Discovery §4.3.1 Checklist 6 Prior Convictions §4.5.6 Checklist 7 Probable Cause §5.0.2 Checklist 8 Sobriety Checkpoints §5.0.3 Checklist 9 Suppressing Incriminating Statements §5.2.1 Checklist 10 Suppressing Evidence of Refusal §5.2.4 Checklist 11 Suppressing Blood-Alcohol Evidence §5.3.8 Checklist 12 General Cross-Examination of the Arresting Officer §7.0.6 Checklist 13  Physical Appearance and Symptoms §7.2.6 Checklist 14  Field Sobriety Test §7.3.1 Checklist 15 Nystagmus §7.4 Checklist 16 Breath Analysis §8.1.11 Checklist 17 Intoxilyzer 5000 §8.2.1 Checklist 18 Intoximeter 3000 §8.2.2 Checklist 19  BAC Verifier/Datamaster §8.2.3 Checklist 20 Blood Analysis §8.3.4 Checklist 21 Urinalysis   §8.4.3 Table of Forms Form 1 Client Interview Questionnaire §4.0.1 Form 2 Client Interview Form — Condensed Version §4.0.1 Form 3 Attorney's Retainer & Fee Agreement §4.0.3 Form 4 Arrest and Booking Report §4.3.1 Form 5 Sobriety Examination §4.3.1 Form 6 Operator's Intoximeter 3000 Checklist §4.3.1 Form 7 Intoxilyzer 5000 Calibration and Maintenance Log §4.3.1 Form 8 Medical Release §4.3.1 Form 9 Police DUI Report §4.3.1 Form 10 Field Sobriety Tests §7.6.9 Form 11 Intoxilyzer 5000 Checklist §8.2.1 Form 12 Intoxilyzer 5000 Test Card for Recording Results §8.2.1 Form 13 Intoximeter 3000 Checklist and Test Record §8.2.2 Form 14 Manufacturer's Warranty for Intoxilyzer 5000 §8.5.5 Table of Pleadings Notice of motion to dismiss for double jeopardy, Points and authorities §3.0.6 Respondent's interrogatories to petitioner §3.3 Request for administrative review §3.3 Accused's motion for discovery in DWI prosecution (blood test) §4.3.3 Motion for order directing pre-trial inspection, Subpoena duces teum §4.3.4 Notice of motion to preserve and produce blood Sample, Points and authorities, Declaration of Attorney, Order to preserve and produce blood Sample §4.4.1 Order appointing independent laboratory and order to produce §4.4.3 Order for appointment of chemical expert to testify At pre-trial motions and/or trial §4.4.3 Notice of motion to strike and declare alleged prior Conviction or convictions unconstitutional, Declaration of defendant in support of motion, Supplemental points and authorities in support of motion §4.5.1 Notice of motion to suppress evidence §5.0 Notice of motion to suppress, Points and authorities in support of motion to suppress §5.0.3 Motion for disclosure of prior jury service an information on prospective jurors §6.0.2 Defendant's Questions to the Jury §6.0.4 Return to Book Info Home :: DUI FAQ's :: New DUI :: Drivers Guide :: Lawyer's Guide :: DUI Research DUI Checkpoints :: DUI Officer :: DUI Books :: Audio Lectures :: National DUI :: DUI Firms This site is hosted and maintained by: Law.Net ® Return to Top © 1998 - 2008 Lawrence Taylor :: All Rights Reserved